Understanding the Complexities of Somaliland’s Independence and Its Implications
the issue of Somaliland’s quest for independence from Somalia is complex and deeply rooted in historical, cultural, and political nuances. Those advocating for Somaliland’s independence—must understand the realities on the ground.
Local Perspectives on Independence
Contrary to the belief that most of Somaliland’s people unequivocally support independence, local surveys indicate a more divided sentiment. Approximately 35% of Somaliland residents are led by very extremist groups who are behind, and the majority are from a tiny clan that supports separatist aspirations. At the same time, the remaining population prefers a more cautious approach, waiting for South Somalia to address its governance and stability challenges. This divergence in opinion highlights the importance of a measured and informed discourse when discussing Somaliland’s future.
The Impact of Political Advocacy
Somaliland’s former president, Muse Bihi Abdi, visited Washington, D.C., on March 14, 2022, marking a turning point for the region. For many Somali clans, this visit was perceived as a signal that the push for Somaliland’s independence was gaining international traction. This perception spurred mobilization among local clans to safeguard their land, resources, and livelihoods against what they saw as potential encroachments by separatist forces.
It is crucial to understand that Somali society operates along clan-based systems rather than formal governmental borders. These clan boundaries, which extend into neighboring countries like Kenya and Ethiopia, have been respected for centuries. Attempts to redraw these Boundaries in the context of Somaliland’s independence risk igniting widespread and protracted conflicts.
The Las Anod Conflict
One of the most significant consequences of heightened separatist advocacy was the outbreak of violence in Las Anod, a city in the Sool region, in late 2022. Clashes between Somaliland forces and local clans have resulted in a devastating human toll, with over 2,000 deaths and more than 600 individuals imprisoned. Somali clan elders’ efforts to mediate have thus far failed to bring a resolution, mainly due to the deep-seated grievances and external influences amplifying the crisis.
Humanitarian and Economic Consequences
The ongoing conflict has severely impacted the lives of ordinary people across the Somali region. For instance, Sadia Ali, a Mogadishu-based entrepreneur from the Isaaq clan, was forced to shut down her fruit and vegetable business due to the instability. The crisis has also disrupted the peaceful atmosphere of cities like Erigavo, previously known for their tranquility and environmental beauty.
Moreover, the conflict has spilled across borders. In Ethiopia, the Dacawooley village, predominantly inhabited by the Isaaq clan, witnessed a tragic massacre of over 150 people, including men, women And children. These atrocities underline the far-reaching and devastating effects of the ongoing conflict tied to Somaliland’s independence movement.
Moving Forward: A Call for Constructive Engagement
Advocating for Somaliland’s independence without a comprehensive understanding of the facts risks further violence and destabilization. Recognizing that the path to lasting peace and resolution requires time, healing, and genuine dialogue among all stakeholders is imperative. International advocates must prioritize supporting inclusive and peaceful processes rather than exacerbating Divisions.
The international community is responsible for engaging diplomatically and constructively, fostering reconciliation and unity rather than inadvertently deepening fractures. The Somali people can achieve sustainable peace and development through a collaborative and informed approach regardless of their clan affiliations or political preferences.
